目录
摘要 Ⅰ
关键词 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅰ
KEY WORDS Ⅱ
引言
1 材料与方法 1
1．1 序列拼接 1
1．1．1 拼接基因序列 1
1．1．2 延伸基因序列 2
1．1．3 测序准确性 2
1．2 NLR基因的鉴定 2
1．3 同源基因比对 2
1．4 同源基因的结构分析 2
1．5 构建系统进化树 3
2 结果与分析 3
2．1 拼接得到序列长片段 3
2．2 NLR基因的鉴定 3
2．2．1 有效基因预测 3
2．2．2 基因结构域分析 7
2．3 同源基因结构分析 9
2．4 抗病基因的系统发育分析 11
2．4．1 系统发育树的构建与基因分组 11
2．4．2 基因对间遗传距离与进化分析 11
2．4．3 组内基因亲缘关系和进化分析 12
2．4．4 G4组内基因亲缘关系和进化分析 12
3 讨论 15
3.1 序列拼接 15
3.2 同源基因进化分析 15
3.3 应用前景 15
致谢 17
参考文献 17
小麦抗白粉病基因Pm4区间的序列分析
摘 要
小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)是人类食粮的主要来源，其用处广泛。人类每天能量的30%直接或者间接来源于小麦。多种病害影响小麦的产量，其中包括研究最多的病害之一——白粉病。而对抗小麦白粉病最为有效的方法就是培育抗病品系。但由于病原体的快速进化，许多抗性基因已经失效，因此，对抗白粉病基因的研究是小麦品种开发的重要环节。抗白粉病基因Pm4作为小麦病害育种中最主要的基因之一，至今仍未被克隆。本课题主要研究四倍体小麦抗病品种Khapli的Pm4位点，对其定位区间内（约20Mb）的部分NLR基因进行序列组装、功能鉴定和进化分析。借助抗白粉病基因Pm4定位区间内的部分已知基因序 *51今日免费论文网|www.jxszl.com +Q: ^351916072* 
列，延伸获得拼装长片段。利用生物信息学工具鉴定NLR基因。在山羊草、矮抗58、中国春等20个现存的小麦基因组数据库中找出同源基因，分析其物理位置、基因结构和进化关系。通过本课题的研究，我们希望能为克隆Pm4基因提供一定的理论基础。
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF WHEAT POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE GENE PM4 INTERVAL
Student Majoring in Jin Shanbao Experimental Class(Plant Production Stream)
Wan Xinyi
Advisor Ma Zhengqiang
ABSTRACT
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main source of human food and its uses are wide. 30% of human energy consumption is directly or indirectly derived from wheat. Wheat yield is affected by a variety of diseases, including one of the most studied diseases, powdery mildew. The most effective way to fight wheat powdery mildew is to cultivate diseaseresistant strains. However, due to the rapid evolution of pathogens, many specific resistance genes have been invalidated. Therefore, research on powdery mildew resistance genes is an important breeding goal for wheat variety development. Pm4 is a widely used powdery mildew resistance gene andone of the most important resistance sources of wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding, it has not been cloned so far though. This project mainly studied the Pm4 locus of a tetraploid wheat resistant variety Khapli. We performed its sequence assembly, functional identification and evolutionary analysis of some NLR genes in its mapping interval (about 20Mb). Based on some known gene sequences in the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm4 interval, we obtained the assembled long fragments by extension and identified the NLR genes by bioinformatic tools. In addition, we collected some homologous genes in 20 existing wheat genome databases, analyzing their physical locations, gene structures and constructing phylogenetic tree. We hope to provide a certain theoretical basis for cloning the gene Pm4 through this research.

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