大豆是人类重要的植物蛋白质和食用油脂来源，干旱对大豆产量的影响最为严重，挖掘耐旱大豆种质资源、进行大豆的耐旱性遗传研究、培育耐旱大豆品种具有重要意义。本研究以210份江淮大豆育种群体为材料，在温室盆栽下进行苗期和成株期干旱胁迫试验，分别测定相关耐旱性状，以对参试种质进行耐旱类型归类。利用遍及大豆全基因组上的63513个SNP标记，通过TASSEL5.0软件的MLM(Q+K)模型进行苗期和成株期耐旱性状的关联分析，精细定位耐旱QTL。根据苗期地上部鲜重（地上部干重、株高和株高生长速率）鉴定出强耐旱型材料8（8、7和9）份、干旱强敏感型材料4（4、3和1）份；一些材料同时为不同性状所鉴定，如强耐旱型材料118/冀豆7-3同时在地上部鲜重、地上部干重和株高上被鉴定出。根据成株期株高（单株粒数和百粒重）鉴定出强耐旱型材料5（7和8）份和干旱强敏感型材料5（1和2）份；与苗期耐旱性不同，所有材料都不能为不同性状共同鉴定。对大豆苗期耐旱性状GWAS分析，采用显著性阈值-log(p)>4，共发现31个显著的标记-性状关联，表型方差贡献率为7.01～11.27%；在水分胁迫条件下，地上部鲜重（地上部干重和株高）关联到3（1和7）个SNPs。对大豆成株期耐旱性状GWAS分析，共发现40个显著的标记-性状关联，表型方差贡献率为8.14～9.98%；在水分胁迫下，株高未关联到SNP，单株粒数（百粒重）关联到5（4）个SNPs。根据这些结果可以进一步确定大豆耐旱的候选基因，可为培育耐旱大豆品种提供基础。
目录
摘要 I
关键词 I
Abstract II
引言
引言 1
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 供试材料 2
1.2 试验设计 2
1.3 测量性状 2
1.4 表型数据分析 2
1.5 耐旱性评价方法 3
1.6 群体结构与GWAS分析 3
2 结果与分析 3
2.1 大豆苗期耐旱性的表型分析和材料鉴定 3
2.1.1 大豆苗期耐旱性状的描述性统计分析 3
2.1.2 大豆苗期耐旱性状的相关性分析 4
2.1.3 大豆苗
 *51今日免费论文网|www.jxszl.com +Q: &351916072& 
期耐旱性状的方差分析 4
2.1.4 大豆苗期耐旱性状耐旱系数的频次分布图 4
2.1.5 根据大豆苗期耐旱性对试验材料类型的划分 5
2.2 大豆成株期耐旱性的表型分析和材料鉴定 7
2.2.1 大豆成株期耐旱性状的描述性统计分析 7
2.2.2 大豆成株期耐旱性状的相关性分析 7
2.2.3 大豆成株期耐旱性状的方差分析 8
2.2.4 大豆成株期旱性状耐旱系数的频次分布图 9
2.2.5 根据大豆成株期耐旱性对试验材料类型的划分 9
2.3 群体结构与GWAS分析 10
2.3.1 群体结构分析 10
2.3.2 大豆苗期耐旱性状的全基因组关联分析 10
2.3.3 大豆成株期耐旱性状的全基因组关联分析 11
3 讨论 12
3.1 大豆耐旱性的鉴定 12
3.2 大豆耐旱性状的关联分析 12
致谢 12
参考文献 13
图1 大豆苗期4个耐旱性状耐旱系数的频次分布图 5
图2 大豆成株期3个耐旱性状耐旱系数的频次分布图 9
图3 197份江淮大豆自然群体的群体结构 10
表1 干旱胁迫和对照条件下大豆苗期耐旱性状的描述性统计 3
表2 干旱胁迫和对照条件下大豆苗期耐旱性状的相关分析 4
表3 大豆苗期耐旱性状的方差分析 4
表4 大豆苗期耐旱类型与划分标准 6
表5 干旱胁迫和对照条件下大豆成株期耐旱性状的描述性统计 7
表6 干旱胁迫和对照条件下大豆成株期耐旱性状的相关分析 8
表7 大豆成株期耐旱性状的方差分析 8
表8 大豆成株期耐旱类型与划分标准 9
表9 大豆苗期耐旱性状的全基因组关联分析 10
表10 大豆成株期耐旱性状的全基因组关联分析 11
江淮大豆育种群体苗期、成株期耐旱性评价及全基因组关联分析
Assessment of Drought Tolerance and GenomeWide Association Studies for Drought Tolerant Traits at Seeding and Adult Stage in a Population of YangtzeHuai Soybean Breeding Lines
Student majoring in Science and engineering of seed Yeyang Weng
Tutor Xiaohong He
Abstract: Soybean is an important source of plant protein and edible oil for human. Drought is the leading adversely abiotic stress for soybean yield loss and so screening droughttolerant germplasms, exploring genetic architecture of drought tolerance and developing droughttolerant cultivars are important goals for soybean researchers. In this study, a population of 210 YangtzeHuai Soybean Breeding Lines was planted under both waterstressed and normalwatered environments in greenhouse and measured for drought tolerant traits. Water treatment was performed at seeding or adult stage of soybean. Using the phenotype data, the tested germplasms were classified into corresponding droughttolerance type. QTLs for drought tolerance were also detected by association with the genomewide 63,513 SNPs using the MLM(Q+K) model in TASSEL 5.0. Eight (eight, seven and nine) most drought tolerance and four (four, three and one) most drought sensitivity accessions were screened according to drought tolerance coefficient of shoot fresh weight (SFW) (shoot dry weight (SDW), plant height (PH) and plant height growth rate (PHGR)) at soybean seeding stage; Some materials were identified commonly by different traits, for example, 118/JiDou73, a most drought tolerance material, was identified simultaneously by SFW, SDW and PH. Five (seven and eight) most drought tolerance and five (one and two) most drought sensitivity accessions were screened based on drought tolerance coefficient of PH [number of grain per plant (NGPP) and 100 grain weight (HGW)] at soybean adult stage; However, no material was identified commonly by different traits. In the GWAS of drought tolerance at soybean seeding stage, 31 markertrait associations were found with R2 (ratio of phenotypic variation explained by marker) range from 7.01 to 11.27% at threshold of log(p)>4; Under the waterstressed condition, three, one and seven SNPs were associated with SFW, SDW and PH, respectively. In the GWAS of drought tolerance at soybean adult stage, 40 markertrait associations were uncovered with R2 8.14~9.98%; Under the waterstressed condition, five and four SNPs were associated with NGPP and HGW, respectively. These results were useful for developing droughttolerant soybean cultivars.

原文链接：http://www.jxszl.com/nongxue/zwbh/51299.html