目录
目录
摘要 Ⅲ
关键词 Ⅲ
Abstract Ⅳ
引言
引言 1
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 材料 2
1.2 菌种来源 2
1.3 菌落的纯化、分离 2
1.4 菌种的鉴定 2
1.4.1 菌种的形态学观察 2
1.4.2 菌种的分子生物学鉴定 2
1.5 菌种的抗逆性试验 3
1.5.1 不同温度对芽孢杆菌存活的影响 3
1.5.2 不同pH值对芽孢杆菌存活的影响 3
1.5.3 胆盐对芽孢杆菌存活的影响 3
1.6 菌种产蛋白酶与淀粉酶活性检测 3
1.7 统计方法 3
2 实验结果 3
2.1 菌落形态学观察 3
2.2 16S DNA序列分析 3
2.3 菌株在不同温度下的存活情况 3
2.4 菌株对不同pH值的耐受性 4
2.5 菌株对不同胆盐浓度的耐受性 4
2.6 菌株产蛋白酶与淀粉酶特性 4
3 讨论 5
3.1 实验结果与分析 5
3.1.1 菌种的鉴定分析 5
3.1.2 菌种在不同温度下的耐受性分析 5
3.1.3 菌株在不同pH值下的耐受性分析 6
3.1.4 菌株在不同胆盐浓度下的耐受性分析 6
3.1.5 菌株产蛋白酶与淀粉酶的特性分析 7
3.2 芽孢杆菌的生理功能以及目前仍然存在的问题 8
3.2.1 芽孢杆菌对动物的生理功能 8
3.2.2 目前芽孢杆菌应用于生产仍然存在的问题 9
致谢 11
参考文献 12
适用于优质家禽生产的芽孢杆菌的体外筛选与鉴定
摘要
目前，抗生素仍是防治畜禽细菌性疾病的常用药物，而畜牧业生产中种种不合理的添加方式，导致近些年畜禽生产中细菌耐药性和兽药残留等问题日益突出，抗生素替代品的研究和推广已是刻不容缓。益生菌调节动物肠 *51今日免费论文网|www.jxszl.com +Q: ^351916072^ 
道微生物菌群、抵抗病原菌入侵、提高动物的饲料利用率和生产性能的功能。在一定程度上可以代替抗生素，解决抗生素滥用的问题。然而动物肠道的胆汁盐具有杀菌作用，能抑制多数益生菌的生长。在我国农业农村部公布的列表中，芽孢杆菌是可以直接饲喂动物并且允许使用的16种饲料级益生菌之一，其在胃肠道恶劣环境下的高耐受性和抑菌能力值得进一步的研究。当前，家禽用芽孢杆菌的研究仍存在品种相对单一、部分机制尚不明确等问题。本实验旨在采用微生物学的研究方法，对于芽孢杆菌的形态学特征、生物学特性以及益生作用展开研究，并对于仍需解决的问题和未来的发展趋势提出参考意见，为芽孢杆菌的进一步研究和应用做出贡献。
IN VITRO SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACILLUS FOR HIGH QUALITY POULTRY PRODUCTION
ABSTRACT
At present, antibiotics are still commonly used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases of livestock and poultry production. Recent years, various inappropriate usages in animal husbandry production have led to the increasingly prominent problems in livestock and poultry production, such as bacterial resistance and veterinary drug residues. It is urgent to do researches and marketing for antibiotic substitutes. Probiotics can regulate the intestinal microbial flora, defend against pathogen invasion, and improve the feed utilization rate and production performance of animals. To a certain degree, probiotics can replace antibiotics and solve the problem of antibiotic abuse. However, bile salts in animal intestine has a bactericidal effect, which can inhibit the growth of most probiotics. Bacillus is one of 16 feedgrade probiotics that can be fed directly to animals and allowed to be used by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Its high tolerance and bacteriostatic ability in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract deserves further study. Nowadays, in the research of Bacillus for poultry, there are still problems such as relatively single species and some mechanisms are not yet clear. The purpose of this experiment aimed to use the research methods of microbiology to study the morphological characteristics, biological characteristics and prebiotic effects of Bacillus, to provide reference suggestions for solutions and the future development trend, and to contribute to the further research and application of Bacillus.

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