目录
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
AbstractⅢ
引言
绪论1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 试验材料 2
1.2 试验设计 2
1.2.1 设计试验处理2
1.2.2 样品采集2
1.3 理化性质分析 2
1.3.1 土壤pH测定 2
1.3.2 土壤有机质测定 2
1.3.3 有效磷的测定 2
1.3.4 有效钾的测定 3
1.3.5 总氮的测定 3
1.3.6 有效金属元素测定 3
1.4 DNA提取、PCR扩增和MiSeq高通量测序3
1.5 数据分析4
2 结果与分析4
2.1 土壤理化性质分析4
2.2 土壤细菌α多样性分析5
2.3 土壤细菌β多样性分析6
2.4 土壤细菌的相对丰度变化 6
2.5 细菌功能预测 8
3 结论与讨论 11
3.1 菇渣对土壤地力的影响 11
3.2 菇渣对土壤微生物多样性的影响 11
3.3 菇渣对土壤微生物功能的影响 11
3.4 菇渣对土壤微生物种群的影响 12
4 小结 13
致谢13
参考文献14
施用菇渣对梨园土壤肥力及土壤细菌群落结构的影响
摘 要
【目的】为了深入理解土壤添加有机物后微生物的响应机制，更好的为农业生产服务。【方法】本文以菇渣为实验原料，对土壤进行处理。依据菇渣施用时长，共设置了4组对照：施用3年（3CMR）、施用6年（6CMR）、以及两组对照（3CK、6CK）。评估了施用菇渣对梨园土壤的影响，还分析了土壤中细菌群落对菇渣的相应。【结果】长期施用菇渣显著提高了土壤肥力水平，6CMR处理的土壤有机质含量显著高于对照土壤，达4.82％。同时提高了土壤中AP、AK、NH4+、NO3、Cu、Fe的含量。NMDS分析和PERMANOVA测验表明施用菇渣显著改变了土壤细菌群落结构。6CMR处理还显著降低 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ￥351916072$ 
了细菌的alpha多样性指数。提高了γproteobacteria和GP6的相对丰度，降低了Actinomycetales、Sphingbacteriales以及GP4的相对丰度。施用菇渣还改变了细菌功能，下调了氨基酸、碳水化合物的代谢过程，上调了细胞移动以及信号转导。【结论】菇渣可作为一种良好的有机添加物，来提升梨园土壤肥力水平。该研究有助于我们深入理解土壤微生物对环境变化的响应机制，更好的为农业生产服务。
EFFECTS OF MUSHROOM RESIDUE APPLICATION ON SOIL FERTILITY AND SOIL BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN PEAR ORCHARD
ABSTRACT
【Objective】In order to deeply understand the response mechanism of microorganisms after adding organic matter in the soil, it can better serve agricultural production.【Methods】In this paper, mushroom residue was used as experimental material to treat soil. According to the application time of mushroom residue, four groups of controls were set up: 3year application of mushroom residue (3CMR), 6year application of mushroom residue (6CMR), and two groups of controls (3CK, 6CK). The effect of mushroom residue application on pear orchard soil was evaluated, and the corresponding bacterial community in soil to mushroom residue was also analyzed.【Results】Longterm application of mushroom residue significantly improved the soil fertility level of orchard. The organic matter content of soil treated with 6CMR was significantly higher than that of control soil, reaching 4.82%. At the same time, the contents of AP, AK, NH4+, NO3, Cu and Fe in the soil were increased. NMDS analysis and PERMANOVA test showed that the application of mushroom residue significantly changed the soil bacterial community structure. 6CMR treatment also significantly reduced the alpha diversity index of bacteria. The relative abundance of γproteobacteria and GP6 was increased, and the relative abundance of Actinomycetales, Sphingbacteriales and GP4 was decreased. The application of mushroom residue also changed the bacterial function, downregulated the metabolic processes of amino acids and carbohydrates, upregulated cell movement and signal transduction.【Conclusion】Mushroom residue can be used as a good organic additive to improve soil fertility in pear orchards. This study is helpful for us to deeply understand the response mechanism of soil microorganisms to environmental changes and better serve agricultural production.

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