目录
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
AbstractⅢ
引言
引言1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 实验地概述 2
1.2 实验设计与实施 2
1.3取样与测量3
1.4土壤真菌群落分析3
1.5碳降解酶活性4
1.6统计与分析4
2 结果与分析 5
2.1 真菌群落组成5
2.2 真菌群落多样性6
2.3真菌营养模式7
2.4 C降解酶活性8
3 讨论10
3.1 秸秆沟埋还田对土壤真菌群落组成的影响11
3.2 秸秆沟埋还田对土壤真菌多样性的影响11
3.3土壤真菌功能群对秸秆管理制度的差异反应11
3.4 DBSR和RTSR对C降解酶活性的比较11
致谢12
参考文献13
长期秸秆沟埋还田对稻麦轮作系统土壤真菌
群落结构和碳降解酶活性的影响
摘 要
秸秆沟埋还田作为一种新型的土壤耕作方式，对稻麦轮作系统的土壤固碳、氮素有效性和水热过程都有一定的影响。但秸秆沟埋还田对土壤真菌群落的影响尚不清楚。通过6.5年的田间试验，比较秸秆旋耕还田和秸秆免耕还田对土壤真菌群落的影响。结果表明，秸秆沟埋还田下的土壤真菌种类组成与秸秆免耕还田和秸秆旋耕还田有显著差异。秸秆沟埋还田对土壤真菌组成的影响也表现出明显的有序性。秸秆沟埋还田显著提高Shannon多样性指数和均匀度，降低优势度，但不影响物种丰富度。秸秆沟埋还田显著提高了共生真菌的丰度，但降低了致病真菌的丰度。尤其是秸秆沟埋还田显著提高了丛枝菌根真菌与植物病原真菌的丰度比。秸秆沟埋还田显著降低βD葡萄糖苷酶活性，但提高过氧化物酶活性，秸秆旋耕还田同时提高纤维二水解酶和过氧化物酶活性。研究结果表明，长期沟埋秸秆还田可以在秸秆旋耕还田和秸秆免耕还田的基础上构建独特的土壤真菌群落，增加土壤真菌多样性，促进有益真菌对土壤真菌病原菌的优势。这些研究结果可为今后在实际农业中大规模推广沟埋秸秆还田提供可靠依据。
LONG TERM DITC *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ￥351916072￥ 
HBURIED STRAW RETURN AFFECTS SOIL FUNGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND CARBONDEGARDING ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES IN A RICEWHEAT ROTATION SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
As a novel soil tillage practice to build fertility, ditchburied straw return (DBSR) can affect soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen availability and hydrothermal processes in ricewheat rotation systems. However, it is still not wellknown how DBSR influences soil fungal community. A 6.5year’s field experiment was conducted to test the effects of DBSR on soil fungal community via comparing with rotary tillage straw return (RTSR) and no tillage with no straw (NTNS). Our results showed that soil fungal species composition under DBSR was significantly different from NTNS and RTSR. Also, DBSR showed distinctive impacts on soil fungal composition at the order level. DBSR significantly increased Shannon diversity index and evenness, decreased dominance, but did not affect species richness. Moreover, DBSR significantly increased the abundance of symbiotrophic fungi, but reduced the abundance of pathotrophic fungi. E specially, DBSR largely increased the abundance ratio of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to plant fungal pathogens. DBSR significantly reduced bDglucosidase activity but increased peroxidase activity while RTSR increased both cellobiohydrolase and peroxidase activity. Our results suggest that long term ditchburied straw return can structure a unique soil fungal community from that of RTSR and NTNS, increase soil fungal diversity and promote the dominance of beneficial fungi over soilborne plant fungal pathogens. These findings can provide solid evidence for future largescale extension of ditchburied straw return in practical agriculture.

原文链接：http://www.jxszl.com/nongxue/zwbh/607490.html