目录
摘要Ⅲ
关键词Ⅲ
AbstractⅣ
引言
引言1
1.材料与方法2
1.1研究材料 2
1.2试验方法 2
1.2.1田间试验2
1.2.2表型测定2
1.3基因型分析2
1.4表型数据处理3
1.5全基因组关联分析3
1.6候选基因分析3
2.结果与分析3
2.1含油量性状的群体表现 3
2.2含油量性状的关联分析4
2.2.1GLMPCA分析4
2.2.2优异等位变异挖掘6
2.2.3候选基因分析7
3.讨论9
致谢10
参考文献11
图21 含油量性状的频数分布4
图22 甘蓝型油菜含油量的QQ图 5
图23 GLMPCA方法下的曼哈顿图5
甘蓝型油菜含油量性状的候选基因筛选
摘 要
甘蓝型油菜（Brassica napus, AACC, 2n=38）是世界上最重要的油料作物之一，也是我国主要的食用油来源作物。甘蓝型油菜的遗传改良在油料作物的生产上有着重要的意义，对保障我国食用油供给安全也有着重要的现实意义。本实验对144 份甘蓝型油菜自交系组成的油菜育种资源群体（NAUCB 群体）进行了连续三年的田间试验，同时利用油菜60K SNP芯片实施含油量性状的全基因组关联分析，并作出QTL候选基因预测,为培育高含油量的优质甘蓝型油菜新品种提供基础信息。得到的结果如下：2017、2018、2019年和三年间的平均含油量为43.20±3.04%、39.92±2.17%、41.95±2.83%和41.62±2.15%，变异系数为7.05%、5.44%、6.74%和5.17%。基于五种方法分析得到的QQ图，选用GLMPCA的方法，共检测到了20个含油量QTL，解释了6.99%12.68%的表型变异。其中qOCA161对表情变异的解释率最高。对比实验室前期的两年数据，对较为稳定的11个位点进行优异等位变异挖掘，其中BnA06p2633764位点对含油量 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: &351916072& 
的效应最大。对QTL作了候选基因的初步筛选，结果显示含油量候选基因主要参与三羧酸循环、脂肪酸合成代谢等过程，其中在A03染色体的QTL位点中找到了6个候选基因，主要与三羧酸循环和脂质代谢有关。
SELECTION OF CANDIDATE GENES FOR OIL CONTENT TRAITS IN BRASSICA NAPUS
ABSTRACT
Brassica napus ( AACC, 2n = 38) is one of the most important oil crops in the world and the main edible oil source crop in China.The genetic improvement of Brassica napus is important in the production of oil crops,and it is also important for ensuring the safety of edible oil supply in China.In this experiment, a field experiment of rapeseed breeding resources (NAUCB population) consisting of 144 Brassica napus inbred lines was conducted for three consecutive years. At the same time, the 60K SNP chip of rapeseed was used to carry out genomewide association analysis of oilcontent traits, and QTL candidate genes were predicted.This experiment can provide basic information for the cultivation of highquality new rapeseed varieties with high oil content.The results obtained are as follows: the average oil content in 2017, 2018, 2019 and three years is 43.20 ± 3.04%, 39.92 ± 2.17%, 41.95 ± 2.83% and 41.62 ± 2.15%, the coefficients of variation are 7.05%, 5.44%, 6.74% and 5.17%. Based on the QQplot obtained by the analysis of the five methods, the GLMPCA method was used, and a total of 20 oil content QTLs were detected, explaining the phenotypic variation of 6.99% 12.68%. Among them, qOCA161 has the highest explanation rate for facial expression variation. Compared with the previous two years data in the laboratory, the 11 stable sites were excavated for excellent allelic variation, of which the BnA06p2633764 site had the largest effect on oil content. Preliminary screening of candidate genes for QTLs showed that candidate genes with oil content were mainly involved in the processes of fatty acid synthesis and metabolism in the Krebs cycle. Among them, 6 candidate genes were found in the QTL site of chromosome A03, which were mainly related to Krebs cycle and lipid metabolism.

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