目录
摘要II
关键词II
AbstractIII
引言
引言1
1 材料与方法3
1.1 植物材料 3
1.2 研究方法 3
1.2.1 南大2419、信阳1号和小麦品种群体的穗型及相关性状调查3
1.2.2 DNA提取4
1.2.3 SNP芯片分析4
1.2.4 小麦品种自然群体的SNP关联分析4
2 结果与分析4
2.1 南大2419与信阳1号的穗型比较4
2.2 南大2419与信阳1号的基因型比较5
2.3 SNP在小麦品种群体中的关联分析6
2.4 Excalibur_rep_c109573_169与其他性状的关联性14
3 讨论 15
致谢16
参考文献17
小麦骨干亲本南大2419穗型发育的遗传解析
摘 要
小麦是世界上种植范围最广的粮食作物，养活了世界上35%的人口，持续提高小麦产量潜力是保障世界粮食安全的主要途径。穗部是小麦籽粒的着生部位，是影响小麦产量潜力的重要农艺性状，对小麦穗型进行遗传改良是实现高产和稳产的重要方法。南大2419是我国小麦育种的重要骨干亲本，其衍生品种多达110个，其中包括信阳1号。信阳1号是南大2419的选系。多年田间调查发现，信阳1号较南大2419的穗长减少2.3 cm,小穗密度增加0.62小穗/cm。为探究信阳1号穗型变异的遗传基础，我们利用小麦90K iSelect SNP芯片分析了南大2419与信阳1号的基因型。结果发现，南大2419与信阳1号之间存在12个SNP。利用小麦品种群体进行关联分析，发现这些SNP中只有5B染色体上的Excalibur_rep_c109573_169与穗长显著相关，表明该SNP附近存在一个调控穗型的基因。不仅如此，该SNP同样影响其它性状，即G型等位变异（信阳1号）较A型等位变异（南大2419）小穗密度增加，开花期提前，千粒重和每穗粒重提高，而不影响小穗数、穗粒数等性状。由此可见，该位点的变异有利于小麦的遗传改良，也为解析小麦穗型发育的遗传机制提供了突破口。 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ^351916072# 

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SPIKE ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE WHEAT FOUNDER PARENT NANDA 2419
ABSTRACT
Wheat is the most widely grown food crop in the world, feeding 35 percent population in the world; therefore, increasing wheat yield potential is the main way to ensure world food security. Spike is the part of growing kernels and has been an important agronomic character that affects the yield potential of wheat. Genetic improvement of wheat spike architecture is an important method to achieve high and stable yield. Nanda 2419 is an important founder parent of wheat breeding in China, and it has derived varieties as many as 110, including Xinyang 1. Xinyang 1 was selected from Nanda 2419. Field experiments across years showed that Xinyang 1 had 2.3 cm shorter spikes than Nanda 2419, and its spikelet density was also reduced by 0.62 (spikelets/cm). To elucidate the genetic basis of the variation in spike architecture of Xinyang 1, the genotyping of Xinyang 1 and Nanda 2419 was carried out using wheat 90K iSelect SNP Chip. It was found that there were 12 SNP between the two parents. Association study of these SNPs detected in wheat cultivar population showed that only the SNP Excalibur_rep_c109573_169 on chromosome 5B was associated with spike length variation, suggesting a gene controlling spike architecture. In addition to spike length, this SNP was also related to other traits. The G haplotype existing in Xinyang 1 exhibited higher spikelet density, earlier flowering, larger grains and higher spike yield, but no significant effects on spikelet number and grains per spike. Therefore, this variation is beneficial for wheat genetic improvement. The gene underlying would also provide a chance to dissect the genetic mechanisms regulating spike architecture in wheat.

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