目录
摘 要 II
关键词 II
Abstract III
引言
引言 1
1 材料与方法 4
1．1 植物材料与种植方法 4
1．1．1 植物材料 4
1．1．2 种植方法 4
1．2 试验方法 4
1．2．1 DNA提取 4
1．2．2 PCR条件 4
1．2．3 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 5
1．2．4 生育时期调查 5
2 结果与分析 5
2．1 近等基因系筛选 5
2．1．1 分子标记在亲本间的多态性 5
2．1．2 正反交BC3F2群体的基因型鉴定 6
2．1．3 近等基因系的选择 7
2．2 近等基因系的抽穗期 8
2．3 近等基因系的开花期 8
3 讨论 9
致谢 11
参考文献 12
小麦生育时期QTL QFt.nau7B近等基因系的分子鉴定与效应评价
摘 要
小麦是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，为全世界35%的人口提供每日所需的蛋白质和能量。小麦的生育期影响小麦对环境的适应性，是决定小麦产量潜力的主要因子。QFt.nau7B是前期利用南大2419/望水白重组自交系群体，在7BS染色体上定位到的一个早熟QTL，小麦骨干亲本南大2419为其提供了早熟等位变异。为评价该QTL对小麦抽穗期和开花期的效应及在育种中的应用潜力，利用分子标记辅助选择技术，实验室已将南大2419早开花QTL QFt.nau7B导入到一枝麦中，同时将一枝麦晚开花相应区段导入南大2419中，分别构建了BC3F1群体，背景回复率达90%以上。本项目在此基础上，进一步利用QFt.nau7B旁侧分子标记Xwgrc3472和Xwgrc3524，从其BC3F2群体中筛选获得了QFt.nau7B的近等基因系。生育时期调查表明，以一枝麦为背景的近等基因系抽穗期提早3天，开花期提早4天；以南大2419为背景的近等基因系抽穗期延迟2天，开花期延迟3天。这些结果进一步验证了QFt. *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: #351916072# 
nau7B的早熟效应，为后续该QTL的图位克隆和育种利用奠定了基础。
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND EFFECT EVALUATION OF THE NEARISOGENIC LINES FOR A WHEAT PHENOLOGICAL QTL QFt.nau7B
ABSTRACT
Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world, providing more than 35% of the worlds population with daily protein and calories. The phenological periods of wheat affect its adaptability to diverse environments, and eventually determine the yield potential of wheat. In the previous study, a QTL, QFt.nau7B, associated with the flowering time, was identified on chromosome 7BS using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross of Nanda 2419 and Wangshuibai. The precocious allele comes from the wheat founder parent Nanda2419. To evaluate the effects of this QTL on heading and flowering dates as well as breeding potential, we have introduced the early flowering allele of QFt.nau7B from Nanda 2419 into the landrace Yizhimai and construct the BC3F1 population through markerassisted selection. Likely the counterpart of Yizhimai was also introduced into Nanda2419. All BC3F1 plants had the percentages of recipient genome contents (RGC) more than 90%. On this basis, the present project further obtained the NILs of QFt.nau7B from BC3F2 populations with flanking molecular markers (Xwgrc3472Xwgrc3524) in each genetic background. The survey of growth periods of the NILs showed that the heading and flowering time of the NIL in the Yizhimai background were advanced for 3 days and 4 days, respectively. For the NIL with Nanda2419 as the background, the heading date was delayed for 2 days and flowering date was also delayed for 3 days. The results in this study verified the precocious effects of QFt.nau7B and will be useful for the QTL cloning and utilization in breeding.

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