目录
摘要 Ⅰ
关键词 Ⅰ
AbstractⅠ
引言
引言1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 材料2
1.1.1 致病疫霉培养基2
1.1.2 致病疫霉鉴别寄主2
1.1.3 游动孢子悬浮液3
1.1.4 RTPCR引物3
1.2方法3
1.2.1 致病疫霉菌株的分离3
1.2.2 致病疫霉生理小种的鉴定4
1.2.3 致病疫霉交配型鉴定4
1.2.4 RTPCR鉴定无毒基因4
2 结果与分析5
2.1 致病疫霉生理小种的鉴定5
2.2 致病疫霉交配型的鉴定7
2.3 致病疫霉无毒基因的鉴定7
3 讨论8
3.1 致病疫霉生理小种8
3.2 致病疫霉交配型9
3.3 致病疫霉无毒基因9
致谢10
参考文献10
安徽省田间马铃薯晚疫病菌致病型鉴定及致病机制初步探究
摘要
由致病疫霉引起的马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯生产中的一种毁灭性病害，严重影响马铃薯产量和品质。由于气候变化，田间栽培品种的改变，化学农药的使用以及晚疫病菌在世界范围内的传播等原因，马铃薯晚疫病菌致病型产生变异。晚疫病菌致病型的变异让田间马铃薯抗病品种被快速克服，为了更加科学地防治马铃薯晚疫病菌需要加强对马铃薯晚疫病菌致病型的监测。致病型的研究包括生理小种、交配型、无毒基因等方面内容。检测高致病性病原菌的生理小种组成及分布，研究高致病性晚疫病菌逃避寄主识别的致病机制，对我国马铃薯抗病品种布局与当地马铃薯晚疫病的监控和防治具有重要意义。
本文主要对2014至2016年采集自安徽界首的致病疫霉菌株进行了生理小种、交配型、无毒基因的鉴定。主要结果如下：利用马铃薯晚疫病菌生理小种鉴别寄主体系R0R11，采用离体叶片法测定马铃薯晚疫病菌的生理小种。一共鉴定出14个生理小种，其中生理小种1,3,4,7,9,10是优势小种。78个菌株交配型鉴定结果都是A1交配型。通过RTPCR技术验证无毒基因的序列变异和 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: *351916072* 
基因沉默。安徽界首的AH1409菌株的6个重要无毒基因均能正常转录表达。
IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENICITY TYPES OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT AND PRELIMINARY STUDY ON PATHOGENICITY MECHANISM IN ANHUI
ABSTRACT
Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is a devastating disease in potato production, which severely affects potato yield and quality. Due to the climate change, the change of cultivated potato in the field, the use of chemical fungicides and the spread of Phytophthora infestans all around the world, the pathogenic types of Phytophthora infestans changed a lot. In order to control potato late blight scientifically, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the pathogenic types of Phytophthora infestans. The research of pathogenic including physiological types, mating types, avirulence genes and so on. It is important to detect the composition and distribution of physiological races of highly pathogenic Phytophthora infestans and to study the pathogenic mechanism of highly pathogenic Phytophthora infestans to evade host recognition for the distribution of potato cultivars in China and the monitoring and control of local potato late blight.
In this paper, physiological races, mating types and avirulence genes of Phytophthora infestans strains collected from Jieshou, Anhui Province from 2014 to 2016 were identified. The main results are as follows: By using in vitro leaf method, the physiological races of Phytophthora infestans was identified by host potato R0R11. Fourteen physiological races were identified in total, among which 1,3,4,7,9,10 were dominant races. The identification results of 78 strains’ mating type are all A1 mating type. The sequence variation and gene silencing of avirulent genes were verified by RTPCR. In strain AH1409 collected in Jieshou, six important avirulence gene can transcribe and expression successfully.

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