目录
摘要Ⅰ
关键词Ⅰ
AbstractⅡ
引言
引言1
1材料与方法1
1.1试验样本的来源1
1.2 DNA提取与PCR扩增测序2
1.3数据处理2
2 结果与分析3
2.1序列多样性和单倍型分析3
2.2群体遗传多样性及中性检验(Tajima’s D检验）4
2.3群体遗传分化及AMOVA分析5
2.4群体间系统进化分析7
3 讨论 8
3.1群体遗传多样性8
3.2群体的Tajima’s D检验以及遗传分化分析8
3.3种质质量分析9
4 讨论9
致谢9
参考文献10
基于COI基因研究三角鲂的遗传多样性
摘要
为研究三角鲂亲本群体、放流群体和自然捕捞群体的遗传多样性现状和群体间的遗传分化，运用了PCR产物纯化测序的方法，测定了三角鲂2个亲本群体、3个放流群体和1个自然捕捞群体共计6个群体224 尾样品的线粒体细胞色素C 氧化酶Ⅰ亚基 (cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ, COⅠ)基因序列。结果表明，在661bp序列中，共检测到192个变异位点(占核苷酸总数的29.05%)。A、T、C、G的平均含量依次为26.5%、28%、29%和16.5%，A + T的含量 (54.5％) 高于G + C的含量(45.5％)。共检测31种单倍型，其中6种为至少2个群体共享的单倍型，25种只有1个群体特有的单倍型，hap2和hap9为优势单倍型，分别占样本总数的48.66%和22.32%，特有单倍型总共占样本总数的13.4%。6个群体单倍型多样性(Hd)为0.710~0.848（平均值0.705），核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.00307~0.00840（平均值为0.00578)，遗传多样性较高，其中景山亲本群体遗传多样性最高，余杭放流群体遗传多样性最低。遗传分化系数 (Fst) 为0.00934~0.19355, 大部分群体间为中等遗传分化。群体间基因流Nm>1，表明六个群体间基因交流较多，这和基于单倍型的网络结构图研究结果 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ^351916072^ 
一致。AMOVA分析显示，群体内遗传变异为90.09%，群体间遗传变异为9.91%；群体间遗传分化均值为0.09909，群体间有一定程度的遗传分化。六个群体间的Nei’s遗传距离为0.003~0.009。基于遗传距离构建的 UPGMA 系统进化树表明，建德放流群体和柏松亲本群体亲缘关系最近，与景山亲本群体亲缘关系最远。本研究结果可以为保护、修复三角鲂野生资源和指导其科学增殖放流提供基础基础数据。
THE GENETIC DIVERSITY AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF QIANTANGJIANG MEGALOBRAMA TERMINALIS HATCHERY POPULATION, RELEASED POPULATION AND NATURAL FISHING POPULATION BASED ON COI GENE
ABSTRACT
Purified PCR products were sequenced in order to study genetic variations among different geography populations of Megalobrama Terminalis. A part sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I（COI) gene were obtained in 224 individuals of Megalobrama Terminalis which were collected in Huzhou Donglin Jingshan Hatchery, Xiaoshan Guali Baisong Hatchery, Huibu, Chun Jiangyuan, Tonglu and Yuhang. The results showed that 192 variable sites(29.05% of total nucleotide)were found in 661bp sequences. The average A, T, C and G contents were26.5%、28%、29% and 16.5%, respectively. Content of (A+T) was 54.5%, which was higher than that of (G+C) ,45.5%. 31 haplotypes were found in analysis of haplotypes. Among them, there are 6 shared haplotypes, 25 unique haplotypes, hap2 and hap9 are dominant haplotypes, accounting for 71% of the total samples, and unique haplotypes account for 13.4% of the total samples. The average haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.705 and the nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.00578, which indicates high genetic diversity. AMOVA analysis shows that genetic variation within populations was 90.09% and the genetic variation among six populations was 9.91%. The gene flow Nm among populations is 1.0417~∞, which indicates that there is more gene exchange among the six populations and there is no obvious genetic differentiation, which is consistent with the results of network structure map research based on haplotype. Genetic differentiation index Fst among the six populations was 0.09909, which indicates there was a higher genetic differentiation among the six populations. The result could provide reference for rational development and utilization for wild resources of Megalobrama Terminalis.

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