目录
摘要 II
关键词 II
Abstract III
引言
引言 1
1材料与方法 4
1.1 RVFV参考毒株Gn基因，S节段基因的基因序列 4
1.2 方法 6
1.2.1 RVFV Gn蛋白基因的核苷酸序列同源性分析 6
1.2.2 RVFV Gn蛋白基因的氨基酸序列同源性分析 6
1.2.3 RVFV S节段基因的核苷酸序列遗传进化树的绘制 6
1.2.4 RVFV S节段基因的核苷酸序列同源性分析 6
2结果与分析 6
2.1 RVFV参考毒株Gn蛋白基因的核苷酸序列同源性分析 6
2.2 RVFV南非地区毒株Gn蛋白基因的氨基酸序列同源性分析 8
2.3 RVFV的S节段基因的核苷酸序列遗传进化分析 11
2.4 RVFV参考毒株S节段基因的核苷酸序列同源性分析 13
3讨论 14
参考文献： 17
南非地区裂谷热的流行特征以及防控情况
摘要
Abstract
Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease transmitted by mosquitoes, is caused by Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) of the genus sandfly in the family bunyaviridae. RVFV can infect a variety of vertebrates and has been found in many wild animals in Africa, but is not highly pathogenic. RVFV is highly pathogenic to domestic ruminants, especially young ruminants such as goats, sheep, and calves. People are generally susceptible to RVFV *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: &351916072& 
, most of which are not serious, presenting as fever accompanied by atypical influenza symptoms, which can be recovered after a period of time. But sometimes there are serious clinical symptoms, including eye complications, liver disease and neurological problems. RVFV was first obtained in Kenya in 1930 and is now found in most African countries. South Africa is one of the major endemic countries and one of the countries where the vaccine is widely used. In order to control RVF, live attenuated RVF vaccines are widely used. In this paper, according to RVFV infection and reported in South Africa, the S and Gngene of RVFV isolated in South Africa were downloaded from Genbank analyzed homology of nucleotide and amino acid by the related professional software and maped the genetic evolutionary tree. In the study, the genetic relationships between the epidemic strain in South Africas and traditional vaccine were determined and which laid the foundation of epidemiology research and related vaccine development.
Key words：RFV;Gn protein; Gene sequence comparison; Variation analysisRVFV是一类主要感染牛、羊、骆驼等多种动物，并引起病畜死亡、流产的人畜共患病病毒。RVFV属于布尼亚病毒科、白蛉热病毒属的病毒。RVFV 目前仅有一个血清型，具有布尼亚病毒典型的病毒形态和生物学特性。它是一种分节段的RNA病毒，由三个RNA片段组成，分别为L、M和S节段。L片段编码病毒聚合酶蛋白，M片段编码糖蛋白Gc和Gn以及非结构蛋白NSm，L和M节段都是反义编码的RNA片段，而S节段则是采取的双义编码，反义编码核蛋白（N），正义编码非结构蛋白NSs[1]。RVFV感染细胞是通过受体介导的内吞作用，随后pH介导的病毒内体膜融合释放核衣壳进入细胞质，然后在细胞质中进行转录，翻译和基因组的复制[2]。
RVFV 基因组的L节段长6406 bp，主要编码大小约237.7 ku的病毒聚合酶，序列比对表明，该聚合酶氨基酸序列末端存在两个新的仅在布尼亚病毒和沙粒病毒的聚合酶中保守的区域。该基因编码的L蛋白是RNA依赖的病毒聚合酶，主要负责病毒基因组的复制和转录，其序列高度保守，具有所有RNA依赖的聚合酶的基序及功能结构域，在白蛉热病毒属的两个成员：RVFV 和尤库尼亚米病毒中，L 蛋白的同源性高达58%，并且主要集中在RNA依赖的聚合酶的4个结构域中[1]。

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