目录
摘 要 I
关键词 I
Abstract II
引言
引 言 1
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 试验材料 2
1.2 试验设计 2
1.3 主要仪器 2
1.4 瘤胃液接种及体外培养 2
1.5 试验样品的采集 3
1.6 测定指标及方法 3
1.7 数据分析 4
2 结果与分析 5
2.1 不同处理对体外瘤胃发酵产气量的影响 5
2.2 不同处理对体外瘤胃发酵参数的影响 6
2.2 不同处理对体外瘤胃功能菌群数量的影响 7
3 讨论 8
4 结论 10
致谢 11
参考文献 12
高氨胁迫对体外瘤胃发酵的影响
摘 要
本试验旨在研究添加不同剂量的尿素和氯化铵对瘤胃体外发酵和微生物功能菌群数量的影响。试验分为氯化铵和尿素两个处理，每个处理4个剂量组，每组4个重复，两个处理分别添加尿素和氯化铵，使最终目的氨浓度分别为0、8、32、128mM，体外培养24h。结果显示：各组均达到目的氨浓度，随着目的氨浓度的增加，氯化铵组pH显著降低(P<0.01)，尿素组pH显著升高(P<0.01)；目的氨浓度为8mM时，氯化铵组与尿素组产气量、干物质消失率和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度都显著提高(P<0.01)；目的氨浓度为32mM时，氯化铵组干物质消失率差异不显著(P>0.05)，尿素组显著降低(P<0.01)；目的氨浓度过高(128mM)时，产气量、干物质消失率、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和功能菌数量显著降低(P<0.01)，且尿素组降低程度更大。这些结果表明，不同浓度、来源氨都对瘤胃发酵和功能菌群数量产生影响；氨浓度为8mM时，添加氯化铵和尿素都会促进瘤胃发酵；氨浓度为32mM时，氯化铵促进瘤胃发酵，尿素抑制瘤胃发酵；氨浓度较高(128mM)时，氯化铵和尿素都会减少功能菌群数量，抑制瘤胃发酵，且尿素抑制作用更强。
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this experimen *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: &351916072& 
t was to study the effect of adding different doses of urea and ammonium chloride on in vitro fermentation and functional microbial populations of the rumen. The experiment was divided into two treatments, ammonium chloride treatment and urea treatment. Each treatment was assigned to 4 doses groups with 4 replicates per group for 24 hours in vitro fermentation. Two treatments added urea and ammonium chloride, to make the final target ammonia concentration reach 0, 8, 32, 128mM in the fermentation fluid of the two treatments. The results showed that, each treatment reached the target ammonia concentration. With the increase of the target ammonia concentration, the pH of the ammonium chloride group decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the pH of the urea group increased significantly (P<0.01). The gas production, dry matter disappearance rate and total volatile fatty acid concentration of the ammonium chloride group and the urea group significantly increased (P<0.01), when the target ammonia concentration was 8mM. In contrast, the dry matter disappearance rate of the ammonium chloride group was not significant (P>0.05), while the urea group reduced significantly (P<0.01) when the target ammonia concentration was 32mM. However, the gas production, the disappearance rate of dry matter, the total volatile fatty acid concentration and the populations of functional bacteria decreased significantly (P<0.01) for both ammonium chloride and urea groups when the target ammonia concentration was too high (128mM), and the reduction in the urea group was greater. All the results of this experiment showed that different concentrations and sources of ammonia will affect the rumen fermentation and the functional microbial populations. When the added concentration of ammonia is 8mM, the addition of ammonium chloride and urea both can promote rumen fermentation. When the ammonia concentration is 32mM, ammonium chloride promotes rumen fermentation, while urea has an inhibitory effect. When the ammonia concentration is high (128mM), ammonium chloride and urea reduced the functional microbial populations and inhibit rumen fermentation, and the urea had a stronger inhibitory effect.

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