目录
摘要2
关键词2
Abstract3
Key words3
引言4
1 材料与方法5
1.1 实验材料 5
1.2 实验方法 5
1.2.1 DNA样品提取5
1.2.2 PCR扩增6
1.2.3 琼脂糖凝胶电泳6
2 结果与分析7
2.1 DNA样品梯度混合7
2.2 样品梯度稀释后经QRED4扩增跑胶9
3 结论与讨论11
致谢11
参考文献12
检测杂草稻的显性引物QRED4的开发
摘 要
杂草稻作为一种和水稻同种同属的稻田恶性杂草，能对水稻的产量和品质产生严重的危害，已在我国稻田普遍发生。杂草稻导致的水稻减产、品质降低等原因造成的经济损失严重。由于其与栽培稻具有相似的形态和生理生化特性以及众多性质如抗逆性和落粒性，使得杂草稻的防治受到众多限制。除此之外，由于渐渗现象的存在，杂草稻还会导致转基因水稻发生基因漂移，危害环境生物健康。杂草稻作为一年生杂草，种子传播是其重要途径。为了能及时批量筛查栽培稻种中混入的杂草稻种子，避免进一步扩散杂草稻，本实验通过PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳的方式，在前人设计出的QRED4引物基础上上进行探究验证并优化，以便用于杂草稻和栽培稻混合样中杂草稻的检测。本研究结果将有助于控制杂草稻的进一步蔓延，进而遏制杂草稻对水稻产量和品质的负面效应。
关键字：杂草稻, 栽培稻, 显性标记, 检疫
DEVELOPMENT OF QRED4, A DOMINANT PRIMER FOR DETECTING WEEDY RICE
ABSTRACT
Weedy rice, as a vicious weed in the same field as the same species as rice, can cause serious damage to the yield and quality of rice, and it has been widespread in rice fields in Ch *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: #351916072# 
ina. The economic losses caused by weedy rice, such as rice yield reduction and quality reduction, have been very high. Because it has similar morphological and physiological and biochemical characteristics as cultivated rice, as well as many properties such as stress resistance and threshing resistance, the control of weed rice is subject to many restrictions. In addition, due to the phenomenon of infiltration, weedy rice can also cause genetic drift in transgenic rice, endangering the health of environmental organisms. Weedy rice is an annual weed, and seed transmission is an important way. In order to screen the weed rice seeds mixed in the cultivated rice in time and avoid further spread of the weed rice, this experiment was conducted on the basis of the QRED4 primer designed by predecessors through PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis Validation and optimization for the detection of weedy rice in a mixed sample of weedy rice and cultivated rice. The results of this study will help to control the further spread of weedy rice, thereby curbing the negative effects of weedy rice on rice yield and quality.
KEYWORDS: Weedy rice, cultivated rice, dominant marker, quarantine
引言
水稻作为中国重要的粮食作物之一，养活了全球超过半数的人。全球范围内，中国、日本、朝鲜半岛、东南亚、南亚、地中海沿岸、美国、拉丁美洲以及非洲都有水稻种植，总体来看，可以说除了南极洲以外，各大洲都有稻米生长，其中印度的水稻种植面积为世界第一，中国为第二，但感谢以袁隆平院士为代表的科学家，中国却是世界上水稻产量最高的国家，高达2亿吨以上。虽然水稻产量很高，但影响水稻产量的很多因素也不容忽视，比如生物胁迫，其中杂草稻是直接影响水稻产量和品质的重要生物胁迫因素之一。

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