目录
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
AbstractⅢ
引言
引言1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 实验地概述 2
1.2 实验设计与实施 2
1.3采样与测量3
1.4统计分析4
2 结果与分析 4
2.1 土壤聚集4
2.2 土壤温度5
2.3 土壤有效氮6
2.4 土壤微生物群落7
3 讨论 8
3.1 秸秆层对土壤物理性质的影响 8
3.2 影响秸秆层对土壤化学性质的影响9
3.3 秸秆层对土壤微生物特性的影响10
4 结论 11
致谢11
参考文献12
稻麦轮作系统中沟埋秸秆层对界面土壤理化和微生物特性的影响
摘要
沟埋秸秆还田（DBSR）是一种新颖的土壤耕作和增肥措施，可在稻麦轮作系统中形成秸秆层结构。然而，目前尚不清楚秸秆层如何影响秸秆层与大块土壤之间的界面中的土壤物理化学和微生物过程。因此，进行了实地实验，确定靠近秸秆层（±5cm）的土壤层中土壤结构，温度，有效氮和微生物特性是否发生变化。包括三种处理：免耕和秸秆清除（CK）对照，沟埋秸秆填埋深度为20cm（DBSR20）和沟埋秸秆填埋深度为40cm（DBSR40）。结果表明，在低于DBSR20秸秆层5cm和高于DBSR40秸秆层5cm的土壤中，土壤大团聚体的形成随秸秆还田时间的延长而增加。秸秆层可显着提高秸秆层以下的土壤温度，但观察到DBSR40的增加幅度大于DBSR20。我们还发现，DBSR20大大增加了秸秆层上下的土壤层中的NH4+浓度，而DBSR40仅增加了秸秆层以上土壤中的NO3浓度。此外，秸秆层对土壤微生物群落的分解代谢特性影响很大，但随着处理时间的延长，其影响降低。这些发现表明，长期实施沟埋秸秆还田后，秸秆层极大地改变了界面土壤的物理化学和微生物特性。一些积极的变化可能会级联以促进作物生长并提高稻麦轮作系统的生产力。
THE IMPACTS OF DITCHBURIED STRAW LAYERS ON THE INTERFACE SO *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: #351916072# 
IL PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIAL PROPERTIES IN A RICEWHEAT ROATION SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Ditchburied straw return (DBSR) is a novel soil tillage and fertilitybuilding practice, which may allow for the formation of a straw layer structure in rice–wheat rotation systems. However, it is presently unknown how the straw layer affects soil physicochemical and microbial processes in the interface between straw layer and bulk soils.Thus, we conducted a field experiment from 2008 to 2014 to determine whether there were changes in soil structure, temperature, available nitrogen, and microbial properties in the soil layer close to the straw layers (±5cm). Three treatments were included: control with notill and straw removal (CK), ditchburied straw return to a depth of 20cm (DBSR20), and ditchburied straw return to a depth of 40cm (DBSR40). Our results showed that soil macroaggregate formation was increased with the duration of straw return in the soils 5cm below the straw layers under DBSR20 and above the straw layers under DBSR40.The straw layers could significantly increase soil temperature below the straw layers, but a larger increase was observed for DBSR40 than DBSR20. We also found that DBSR20 largely increased the NH4+concentration in both the soil layers above and below the straw layers, but DBSR40 only increased NO3 in the soils above the straw layers. In addition, the catabolic profile of soil microbial communities was largely affected by the straw layers, but the effects decreased with the duration of the treatment.These findings suggest that the straw layer largely alters the spatiotemporal processes of physicochemical and microbial properties in the interface soils after longterm implementation of ditchburied straw return. Some of the positive alterations may cascade to facilitate crop growth and enhance the productivity of ricewheat rotation systems.

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