目录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言2
1盐碱胁迫对植物生长发育的影响2
2盐碱胁迫下植物的生理变化与响应机制3
2.1营养吸收与转运的变化 3
2.2渗透平衡的响应机制 3
2.3抗氧化系统的响应机制3
2.4内源激素的响应机制4
3盐碱胁迫下植物的信号转导机制4
3.1钙信号转导机制4
3.2CBLCIPK信号通路5
3.3SOS信号通路6
4盐碱胁迫下植物的蛋白应急机制 7
5提高植物耐盐性的策略8
5.1外源物质提高耐盐性8
5.2内生真菌提高耐盐性8
6草类植物的盐碱胁迫的研究进展9
6.1盐胁迫对草类植物的影响9
6.2解决草地盐碱胁迫的方法9
7 展望10
致谢10
参考文献12
图1 植物响应盐碱胁迫的CBLCIPK信号途径6
植物响应盐碱胁迫的生理与分子机制研究进展
摘要我国盐碱土地分布较广，面积较大，类型复杂。土地盐碱化大多由地形、气候、人为等因素造成，并且随着工业社会的发展，盐碱化的趋势愈演愈烈，对我国的土地资源的合理利用以及农业用地的农业发展产生了严峻的考验。在盐碱胁迫下，植物的生长发育会收到严重影响，面对盐碱胁迫植物会调节自身的生理生化过程来增加对逆境的忍耐度和适应性。植物对逆境的自身调节的反应主要表现为渗透调节物质的合成、提高抗氧化酶活性和诱导相关分子调控通道产生调控作用等方面。本综述首先介绍了盐碱化对植物所造成的影响以及植物面对这些影响自身的生理调节的响应机制；其次介绍了植物体内受盐胁迫诱导的钙信号相关通道、SOS信号通路以及其他小分子物质调控产生的信号转导的分子机制；接下来，介绍了草类植物盐胁迫耐受性的研究进展，最后对该领域的科学研究进行了展望，通过全面和系统地研究来不断改善植物对盐胁迫的抗性，培育和改良抗逆性品种，提高土地利用率和环境利用率。
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关键词盐碱土 盐碱胁迫 生理调节 信号转导
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF PLANTS IN RESPONSE TO SALINEALKALI STRESS
ABSTRACT Saline soils is widely distributed in China, with large area and complex types. Land salinization is mostly caused by terrain, climate, human factors and other factors, and with the development of industrial society, the trend of salinization is becoming more and more severe, which has posed a severe challenge to the rational utilization of land resources and agricultural development of agricultural land in China. Under salinealkali stress, the growth and development of plants will be seriously affected. In the face of salinealkali stress, plants will adjust their physiological and biochemical processes to increase their tolerance and adaptability to adversity. The response of plants to the selfregulation of adversity is mainly manifested in the synthesis of osmotic regulatory substances, the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity and the induction of regulatory effects of relevant molecular regulatory pathways. This review first describes the effects of salinization on plants and the mechanisms by which plants respond to these effects on their physiological regulation. Secondly, the molecular mechanisms of calcium signal transduction induced by salt stress, SOS signal transduction pathway and other small molecule substances are introduced. Next, the research progress of salt stress tolerance of grass plants was introduced. Finally, the scientific research in this field was prospected. Through comprehensive and systematic research, the resistance of plants to salt stress was continuously improved, the varieties of stress resistance were cultivated and improved, and the utilization rate of land and environment was improved.

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