目录
摘要 1
关键词 1
ABSTRACT 2
KEY WORDS 2
1 引言 3
1．1 土壤酸化及其危害 3
1．2 铝的毒害作用 3
1．3 植物耐铝机制 3
1．4 矿质元素参与植物解铝毒 4
1．5 钙信号参与植物解铝毒 5
1．5．1 钙信号传导机制 5
1．5．2 钙感受器CaM和CML响应植物铝毒害 5
1．5．3 钙感受器CBL响应植物铝毒害 7
1．5．4 钙感受器CDPK响应胁迫刺激 7
1．6 本研究的目的和意义 8
2 材料与方法 8
2．1 响应铝胁迫的截形苜蓿MtCMLs基因筛选 8
2．1．1 供试材料 8
2．1．2 截形苜蓿R108幼苗的培育及铝/铁胁迫处理 8
2．1．3 根尖RNA提取及反转录合成cDNA 8
2．1．4 qRTPCR定量筛选MtCMLs基因 9
2．2 截形苜蓿MtCMLs突变体的鉴定 9
2．2．1 供试材料 9
2．2．2 突变体的培育 10
2．2．3 取样和提取DNA 10
2．2．4 PCR和跑电泳 10
3 结果与分析 11
3．1 MtCML19;1、MtCML19;2、MtCML27;2及MtCML45;2的表达受铝诱导 11
3．2 MtCML19;1、MtCML19;2、MtCML27;2及MtCML45;2的Tnt突变体鉴定 12
4 讨论 13
致谢 14
参考文献 14
截形苜蓿MtCMLs突变体鉴定及钙信号参与植物解铝毒的研究进展
摘要
目前，我国酸性土壤约占全国总耕地面积的22.7%，严重制约我国农业的可持续发展。在酸性土壤中，铝是限制作物产量的最重要的因素之一。铝毒抑制植物根系生长，影响植物对水分和养分的吸收，阻碍植物正常生理过程 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ^351916072# 
。矿质元素钙已被证明能够有效缓解植物铝毒害，钙离子通过维持细胞形态、提高抗氧化酶活性、减少丙二醛产生等途径增强植物的耐铝性。同时，钙还作为第二信使调控植物的耐铝机制。铝胁迫刺激植物产生钙信号，由钙感受器对钙信号进行解码，并诱导下游靶蛋白对铝胁迫作出反应。有研究表明，钙感受器CaM参与植物解铝毒，CML是CaM的高度同源蛋白，在植物抗逆中也发挥重要作用，因此，CML也有可能在缓解植物铝毒害中起作用，但目前尚未有CML涉及植物耐铝性的报道。本文将筛选出受铝毒害诱导的MtCMLs基因并鉴定相关截形苜蓿突变体，以期为进一步探索钙信号在植物解铝毒中的作用及其机制提供基础。
关键词
铝毒害；钙信号；钙感受器；钙调素类似蛋白CML；截形苜蓿
IDENTIFICATION OF MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA MTCMLS MUTANTS AND RESEARCH PROGRESS ON ROLES OF CALCIUM SIGNAL IN DETOXIFICATION OF ALUMINUM IN PLANTS
ABSTRACT
At present, acid soil accounts for about 22.7% of the total cultivated land in China, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture in China. Aluminum is one of the most important factors limiting crop yields in acid soils. Aluminum toxicity inhibits the growth of plant roots, affects the absorption of water and nutrients, and hinders the normal physiological process of plant. The mineral element calcium has been proved to be effective in alleviating aluminum toxicity in plants. Calcium enhance plant aluminum tolerance by maintaining cell morphology, improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the production of Malondialdehyde. In addition, calcium also acts as a second messenger to regulate the mechanisms of aluminum tolerance in plants. Aluminum stress stimulates plants to produce calcium signals, and they are decoded by calcium receptors, then which induce downstream target proteins to respond to aluminum stress. Studies have shown that calcium receptor CML plays an important role in plant stress resistance, and its highly homologous protein CaM is involved in plant aluminum detoxification. Therefore, CML is likely to be involved in alleviating plant aluminum toxicity, but there has been no report of CML participating in plant aluminum resistance.In this paper, the MtCMLs gene induced by aluminum toxicity was screened out and the related Medicago truncatula mutants were identified, so as to provide a basis for further exploration of the role of calcium signal in plant aluminum detoxification and its mechanism.

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