目录
摘 要 II
关键词 II
ABSTRACT III
引言
引言 1
1 材料与方法 4
1.1 试验场地概况 4
1.1.1 稻田单作 4
1.1.2 稻虾共作 5
1.2 气体采集与分析 5
1.2.1 气体采集 5
1.2.2 气体分析 6
1.2.3 CH4排放通量计算 6
1.3 土样与水样的采集、分析 7
1.3.1 土样的采集与分析 7
1.3.2 水样的采集与分析 7
1.4 数据分析 7
2 结果与分析 7
2.1 单一栽培稻田CH4排放研究 7
2.2 稻虾共作模式漂浮箱法与扩散模型法CH4排放研究对比 8
2.3 稻田单作与稻虾共作、稻虾共作水产养殖区CH4排放通量对比 10
2.4 CH4排放通量影响因素 11
3 结论 12
致谢 13
参考文献 14
稻虾循环种养稻田甲烷排放研究
摘 要
稻虾共作模式生产作为一种新型农业生产方式，与传统水稻单一栽培相比，提高了养分循环利用效率，减少了农药和化肥的使用，同时显著影响稻田温室气体排放。近年来，综合种养稻田生产方式在中国得到快速发展。这一农业生产方式改变如何影响稻田温室气体排放备受国内外学者关注，尤其是稻虾共作对CH4排放的影响还缺乏系统的观测研究。本研究通过对比观测常规单一栽培稻田（采用静态暗箱法）和稻虾共作农田（养殖区域采用漂浮箱法和扩散模型法，共作区域采用漂浮箱法）CH4排放通量（2019年6月12月）发现：两种农业生产方式下CH4排放通量具有相同的季节动态，即在夏季CH4排放通量较高，秋冬季较低。稻虾共作区域的三个采样点中，CH4排放通量与各样点水体pH大小呈显著负相关。稻虾共作区域比稻田单作区域CH4总排放量增加了70%，水体养殖区域比稻虾共作稻田区域CH4总排放量增加了38%。另外，漂浮箱法与扩散模型法相比，观测的CH4排放途径更全面，且受干 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: #351916072# 
扰因素较少，准确性更高，因此更适用于观测养殖水体CH4排放研究。因此，通过本研究表明，常规单一栽培转变为稻田综合种养的农业生产方式改变显著提高了稻田CH4排放。
Methane emissions from riceshrimp coculture croplands
ABSTRACT
As a new type of agricultural production, riceshrimp coculture mode improves the efficiency of nutrient recycling, reduces the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and significantly affects the greenhouse gas emissions of rice fields. In recent years, the integrated cultivation of rice fields has been rapidly developed in China. How this change in agricultural production mode affects greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields has attracted much attention from scholars at home and abroad, especially the impact of riceshrimp coculture on CH4 emissions is still lack of systematic observation and research. In this study, the CH4 emission flux of conventional monoculture rice field (using static dark box method) and riceshrimp coculture farmland (floating box method and diffusion model method in the cultivation area, and floating box method in the coculture area) was observed by comparison (JuneDecember 2019): It is found that the CH4 emission flux has the same seasonal dynamics under the two agricultural production methods, that is, the CH4 emission flux is higher in summer and lower in autumn and winter. Among the three sampling points in the riceshrimp coculture area, CH4 emission flux was significantly negatively correlated with the pH of the water body at each sample point. The total CH4 emissions from the riceshrimp coculture area increased by 70% compared to the paddy field monoculture area, and the total aquaculture area increased 38% from the riceshrimp coculture area. In addition, compared with the diffusion model method, the floating tank method has a more comprehensive CH4 emission pathway, and is less affected by interference factors, and has higher accuracy, so it is more suitable for observation of CH4 emissions in aquaculture waters. Therefore, this study shows that the change from conventional monoculture to integrated agricultural production in paddy fields has significantly increased CH4 emissions from paddy fields.

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