目录
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
AbstractⅢ
引言
引言
1 材料与方法1
1.1供试材料及种植方案 1
1.2测定项目及方法1
2 结果与分析2
2.1 氮素对不同基因型水稻产量及其构成因素的影响2
2.2 氮素对水稻节间干物质积累的影响4
2.3 氮素对水稻节间NSC含量的影响6
2.4 氮素对节间干物质转运率和回复率的影响8
3 讨论 9
4 结论11
致谢11
参考文献12
水稻节间的碳水化合物代谢及其对籽粒灌浆的调控
摘要
以武育粳3号、武运粳7号和宁粳8号这3个不同年代的主栽水稻品种为试验材料，通过盆栽和大田试验，设置氮肥运筹处理，对花前21天至花后60天的各个节间的干物质重、非结构性碳水化合物代谢和水稻产量进行了研究。结果表明：氮肥后移显著提高了水稻产量和收获指数，主要是由于每穗粒数和千粒重的增加，田间试验宁粳8号产量和收获指数较高。节间干物质重呈“先增加后降低再增加”的变化趋势，节间非结构性碳水化合物的化学分析证实了这一趋势，淀粉的组织化学染色结果也支持了这一趋势。氮肥后移促进了节间干物质的转运和再积累，节间2的转运率和回复率高于节间4，高于整株节间。武育粳3号节间干物质转运率和回复率均显著高于宁粳8号。节间干物质重的动态变化反映了籽粒灌浆过程中源库关系的平衡，在水稻育种中具有潜在的应用价值。
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF RICE INTERNODE AND ITS REGULATION ON GRAIN FILLING
ABSTRACT
Three rice cultivars of different ages, WYJ 3,WYJ 7 and NJ 8,were used as experimental materials, through pot and field experiments, nitrogen fertilizer operations were set up, the d *51今日免费论文网|www.jxszl.com +Q: @351916072@ 
ry matter weight，nonstructural carbohydrate metabolism and rice yield of each internode from 21 days before anthesis to 60 days after anthesis were studied. The results showed that the yield and harvest index of rice were significantly increased by nitrogen backward shift, mainly due to the increase of grain number per panicle and 1000 grain weight, and the yield and harvest index of NJ 8 was higher in the field experiment. The dry matter weight of internode increased first, then decreased and then increased, which was confirmed by chemical analysis of nonstructural carbohydrate in internode, and supported by histochemical staining of starch. The transport rate and recovery rate of internode 2 was higher than that of internode 4, and higher than that of the whole internode. The dry matter transport rate and recovery rate of WYJ 3 were significantly higher than that of NJ 8. The dynamic change of internode dry matter weight reflects the balance between source and sink in the process of grain filling, which has potential application value in rice breeding.
KEY WORDS: grain filling; internode; dry matter weight; carbohydrate metabolism; sourcesink interaction
源库互作是产量形成的主要决定因素，优化源库比是作物遗传改良的一种有效途径。水稻植株内部的源库动态决定了碳水化合物的分配量、分配地点和分配时间，碳水化合物的分配不合理会限制作物产量，从而为作物品种改良提供了一个潜在目标。碳水化合物是植物光和作用的主要产物，按其存在形式可以分为结构性碳水化合物和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)。当植株碳水化合物产量大于整株需求时，作物有能力通过在茎秆中暂时储存碳水化合物来缓冲这种库源的相互作用[1]，并且水稻籽粒干重的1540%来源于茎秆储备的同化物[2,3,4]。水稻籽粒灌浆物质主要由两部分组成，抽穗前茎鞘贮存的蔗糖和淀粉等碳水化合物，以及抽穗后源器官的光合积累[5]。水稻茎鞘中贮藏的非结构性碳水化合物也对产量形成有较大贡献[3]，在灌浆期光合受阻、非生物逆境胁迫时，NSC可以为产量形成提供同化物,从而缓解产量的降低[6]。

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