开花灌浆期低温对水稻籽粒蛋白质的影响【字数:8325】
目录
摘要 I
关键词 I
Abstract II
引言
引言 1
1. 材料与方法 2
1.1. 试验材料 2
1.2. 试验设计 2
1.3. 取样及数据获取 3
1.4. 数据分析方法 3
2. 结果与分析 4
2.1. 开花期和灌浆期低温对水稻籽粒蛋白质积累过程的影响 4
2.2. 基于Logistic定量分析开花期和灌浆期低温对水稻籽粒蛋白质积累量的影响 7
2.3. 开花期和灌浆期低温对水稻成熟期籽粒蛋白质含量的影响 10
2.4. 低温对成熟期水稻不同穗位籽粒蛋白质影响的定量分析 13
3. 讨论与结论 14
致谢 15
参考文献 15
开花灌浆期低温对水稻籽粒蛋白质的影响
摘要
水稻作为世界主要粮食作物之一,其产量和品质直接关系到人类的生存质量与健康质量。近年来,全球气候变暖和农业生产结构调整等多方因素的影响,导致水稻生育期内出现低温冷害的可能性增大,降低了水稻的品质。本研究基于全自动人工气候室,实施自然温度日变化规律下,不同低温处理时期、低温水平和低温持续时间的水稻盆栽试验,以揭示低温胁迫对水稻蛋白质积累过程的影响。研究结果表明:水稻籽粒蛋白质含量随温度的降低和低温持续时间的延长而增加,并且灌浆期低温对对水稻籽粒蛋白质含量的影响大于开花期。通过分析水稻不同穗位籽粒蛋白质含量发现,低温对稻穗上部和下部籽粒的影响较大。
EFFECTS OF LOW TEMPERATURE DURING FLOWERING AND GRAIN FILLING STAGES ON RICE GRAIN PROTEIN
ABSTRACT
Rice is one of the most widely planted food crops in the world,the yield and quality of rice are directly related to the quality of human survival qu *51今日免费论文网|www.jxszl.com +Q: &351916072&
ality and health quality. In recent years, the change of global warming and agricultural production structure adjustment and others factors leads to the increase of the possibility of low temperature damage in wheat, which reduces the quality of rice. This study was based on a fullyautomated artificial climate chamber and implemented pot experiments on rice under different daily lowtemperature treatment stages, lowtemperature levels, and lowtemperature durations under the law of daily temperature change to understand the effect of lowtemperature stress on rice protein accumulation process. The main results showed that, the protein content in rice grain increased with the temperature decreasing and low temperature duration extension, and the effect of low temperature in grain filling stage on the protein content was greater than that in flowering stage. In addition, it was found that low temperature had a great effect on the upper and lower panicle positions of rice.
KEY WORDS: Rice; Flowering stage; Grain filling stage; Cold stress; Protein
引言
水稻是我国第二大的粮食作物,水稻种植面积约占粮食总种植面积的30%,产量约占粮食总产量的40%,我国约65%的人口以稻米为主食[1]。低温冷害是我国稻作生产中的一大限制因子,全国每年因低温导致稻谷减产50100亿千克[26]。因此,水稻的安全生产对于确保国家粮食安全具有极重要的意义。水稻生产过程中,温度是极其重要的环境因子[7],特别是水稻开花和灌浆阶段。这两个阶段是水稻籽粒品质形成的关键时期[8],温度过高或过低都不利于籽粒品质的形成[9,10]。目前,全球气候变化背景下低温对作物产量和品质的影响已成为制约我国乃至全球粮食安全生产的重要限制因素[11]。有研究表明,低温胁迫下,水稻的生理生化水平下降,光合作用降低,抗逆性减弱,干物质积累和转运受到抑制,从而造成水稻产量下降、品质变劣[12, 13]。
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